Glossary and Notes for Story X
click on words in Latin text
Quomodo
quōmŏdŏ adv.: in what manner, in what way, how
latro
latro, -ōnis, m.: robber, bandit, plunderer
penitens
paeniteo, -ēre, -ui: to do penance, repent
participle in the nominative, modifying latro.
post
post prep.+acc. : after
confessionem
confessio, -ōnis, f.: a confession
euanuit
ēvānesco, -ere, -nui: to vanish, disappear
euanuit = evanuit
ab
ab prep.+abl.: from
demonis
daemon, -ōnis, m.: spirit, supernatural being (OLD)
Contigit
contigo, -ere, -tigi, -tactum: to happen
impersonal use
olim
olim adv.: once, once upon a time, formerly, at that time
Exon
Exon: the city of Exeter in southwest England
ablative with in
See Commentary note below line 2 Exon
quod
quod conj.: that
quidam
quīdam, quedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
fossor
fossor, -ōris, m.: a digger, a grave-digger, miner
magnus
magnus, -a, -um: great
goes with laborator and comestor
laborator
laborātor, -ōris, m.: laborer, worker
comestor
comestor, -ōris, m.: an eater
mansit
maneo, -ēre, -nsi, -nsum: to stay, remain
quadam
quīdam, quedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
cellula
cellula, -ae, f.: a small store-room, apartment
spaciose
spătĭōsus, -a, -um: spacious, wide, long
genitive, -ae ending elided to -e, = spatiosae; modifies domus
domus
domus, -ūs, f.: a house, home
genitive
que
qui, quae, quod rel.pron.: who, what, which
= quae, -ae ending elided to -e, domus is the antecedent
habebat
habeo, -ēre, -ui, -itum: to have, hold
plures
plūres, plūra comp. adj. pl.: many, a great number
cellulas
cellula, -ae, f.: a small store-room, apartment
muris
mūrus, -i, m.: wall, the wall of a building
intermixtis
intermisceo, -ēre, -scui, -xtum: to intersperse
cum muris intermixtis “with intermingled or interspersed walls.”
See Commentary note below lines 4-5 muris intermixtis
et
et conj.: and
ubi
ubi conj.: where, in which place
non
nōn adv.: not, by no means
nisi
nisi conj.: except, but
non nisi - here M.R. James adds a suggested reading.
vnum
ūnus, -a, -um: one, only, single
domicilium
domicilium, -i, n.: a household
Domicilium is the dwelling itself, while cellula is a small rented room inside it.
hic
hīc, haec, hōc demonstr. pron.: this
autem
autem conj.: however, but, on the other hand, moreover
fossor
fossor, -ōris, m.: a digger, grave-digger, ditcher, miner
esuriens
esuriens, esurientis: hungry, starving
modifies fossor
solebat
soleo, -ēre, -itus sum: to be accustomed to
sepius
saepius, comp. adv.: very often, oftentimes, frequently
sepius = saepius
ascendere
ascendo, -ere, -ndi, -nsum: to ascend, mount, climb up
complementary infinitive with solebat
per
per adv.: through, by means of, by
quandam
quīdam, quedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
scalam
scāla, -ae, f.: a ladder
domicilium
domicilium, -i,n.: a household
et
et conj.: and; et...et: both...and
amputare
amputo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to cut away or off, prune, carve
complementary infinitive with solebat
carnes
caro, carnis, f.: meat, flesh
ibidem
ibidem adv.: in the same place
suspensas
suspendo, -ere, -di, -sum: to hang up, suspend
modifies carnes
et
et conj.: and; et...et: both...and
coquere
coquo, -ere, -xi, -ctum: to cook, prepare by cooking, heat
complementary infinitive with solebat
et
et conj.: and; et...et: both...and
inde
inde adv.: after that, thereupon, thence
comedere
comedo, -ere, -ēdi, -ēsum: to eat, eat entirely up, consume
complementary infinitive with solebat
quadragesima
Quadrāgēsima, -ae, f.: the Christian fast of forty days, Lent
Take, here, to mean Lent, which is 40 days of fasting. Ablative with in.
See Commentary note below line 8 quadragesima
Dominus
Dominus, -i, m.: master, owner of the house, lord
vero
vērō adv.: in truth, in fact, certainly, truly, to be sure
domus
domus, -ūs, f.: house, home
genitive, take with dominus
videns
video, -ēre, vīdi, vīsum: to see, perceive
modifies dominus
carnes
caro, carnis, f.: meat, flesh
suas
suus, -a, -um possess. adj.: his own, her own, etc.
refers to the dominus
sic
sīc adv.: thus, in this way
amputatas
amputo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to cut away or off, prune, carve
modifies carnes suas
inquisiuit
inquīro, -ere, -sīvi, -sītum: to ask, search, examine, investigate
takes a + ablative
domesticis
dŏmestĭci, -ōrum, m.pl.: members of the household, servants
translate a domesticis suis with inquisiuit 'he questioned his servants'
suis
suus, -a, -um possess. adj.: his own, her own, etc.
refers to the dominus
de
dē, prep.+abl.: about, concerning
hoc
hīc, haec, hōc pron. demonstr.: this
facto
factum, -i, n.: deed, act
Negantibus
nego, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to say no, deny
ablative absolute with omnibus
autem
autem conj.: however, and, also, moreover
omnibus
omnis, -e: all, every
in ablative absolutes with negantibus and purgantibus
et
et conj.: and
se
-, sui, sibi, sē, sē reflx pron.: himself, herself, itself, themselves
direct object of purgantibus
purgantibus
purgo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to purge, cleanse; purify
ablative absolute with omnibus.
See Commentary note below line 11 purgantibus
per
per adv.: through, by, by means of
iuramenta
iūrāmentum, -i, n.: an oath
minabatur
minor, mināri, minātus sum: to threaten
subject is ille
ille
ille, illa, illud pron.demonstr.: that, he, she, it
refers to the dominus
quod
quod conj.: that
vellet
volo, velle, volui: to wish, want, be willing
subjunctive verb of indirect statement after minabatur
ire
eo, īre, īi, ītum: to go
complementary infinitive with vellet
maleficum
maleficus, -a, -um: evil-doing, nefarious, wicked, criminal
modifies nigromanticum
quendam
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
modifies nigromanticum
nigromanticum
nigromanticus, -i, m.: necromancer, sorcerer
See Commentary note below line 12 nigromanticum
sciscitari
sciscitor, -āre, -ātus sum: to inform onself, inquire, ask, examine
complementary infinitive with vellet
per
per, prep.+acc.: through, by means of
ipsum
ipse, ipsa, ipsud pron. demonstr: -self, that very person
object of preposition per; refers to the nigromanticum
hoc
hīc, haec, hōc pron. demonstr.: this
modifies factum
factum
factum, -i,n.: a deed, act
direct object of sciscitari; refers to the meat theft
mirandum
mīrandus, -a, -um: wonderful, strange, singular
modifies factum
Quo
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
refers to the master's threat to consult a necromancer
audito
audĭo, -īre, -īvi/-ii, -itum: to hear
quo audito ablative absolute
See Commentary note below line 13 quo audito
fossor
fossor, -ōris, m.: a digger, grave-digger, ditcher, miner
ille
ille, illa, illud pron. demonstr.: that; he, she, it
modifies fossor
valde
valdē, intens. adv.: strongly, intensely, very, very much, exceedingly
timuit
tĭmĕo, -ēre, -ŭi: to fear, be afraid of, to dread
ibat
eo, īre, īi, ītum: to go, walk
fratres
frāter, -tris, m.: brother, monk, friar, member of a religious order
See Commentary note below line 14 fratres
confitebatur
confiteor, -ēri, confessus sum: to acknowledge, confess
See Commentary note below line 14 confitebatur
delictum
dēlictum, -i, n.: transgression, crime
suum
sŭus, -a, -um possess. adj.: his, her, its, their (own)
secreto
sēcrētum, -i, n.: a secret
in sēcrēto: in secret, secretly
sacramentaliter
sacrāmentāliter adv.: sacramentally (late Latin)
absoluebatur
absolvo, -ere, -vi, -utum: to absolve, free, acquit
Prefatus
praefātus, -a, -um: mentioned or stated before (post-class.)
prefatus = praefatus; modifies dominus
quidem
quĭdem, adv.: indeed
dominus
dominus, -i, m.: Lord, master, owner of the house
domus
dŏmus, -ūs, f.: a house, home
genitive, take with dominus
vt
ut adv.: as
minabatur
minor, -āri, -ātus sum: to threaten
ibat
eo, īre, īi, ītum: to go, walk
nigromanticum
nigromanticus, -i, m.: necromancer, sorcerer
ille
ille, illa, illud pron. demonstr.: that
the nigromanticus
vnxit
unguo, -ere, -nxi, -nctum: to smear, besmear, anoint
unguem
unguis, unguis, m.: nail, fingernail
cuiusdam
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
pueruli
puerulus, -i, m.: little boy, little slave
diminutive of puer, translate "little boy"
et
et conj.: and
per
per adv.: through, by means of, by
incantaciones
incantātio, -ōnis, f.: enchantment, spell, incantation (post-class.)
object of per
suas
suus, -a, -um possess. adj.: his, her, its, their own
refers to the nigromanticus
inquisiuit
inquīro, -ere, -sīvi, -sītum: to ask, search, examine, investigate
takes ab + ablative; subject is the nigromanticus
eo
is, ea, id pron.: he, she, it, they
refers to pueruli
quid
quis, quid interrog. pron.: who? what?
videret
vĭdĕo, -ēre, vīdi, vīsum: to see
imperfect active subjunctive; indirect question
subject is the puerulus
Qui
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
antecedent is pueruli
respondit
respondeo, -ēre, -di, -sum: to answer, reply, respond
subject is the puerulus
Garcionem
garcio, -ōnis, m.: boy, groom, servant
direct object of video; the author uses capitalization instead of quotation marks to indicate dialogue.
See Commentary note below line 18 Garcionem
video
vĭdĕo, -ēre, vīdi, vīsum: to see
subject is the puerulus
coma
coma, -ae, f.: the hair of the head
ablative of separation
tonsum
tonsus, -a, -um: shorn, clipped, cut
modifies garcionem
Cui
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
refers to the puerulus
dixit
dīco, -ere, -xi, -ctum: to say
subject is the nigromanticus
Coniures
conjuro, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to conjure
subject is the puerulus; jussive subjunctive
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
igitur
igitur, conj.: therefore
eum
is, ĕa, id, pron. demonstr.: he, she, it; this or that
refers to Garcionem
quod
quod, conj.: that, so that
= ut, introduces purpose clause
appareat
appārĕo, -ēre, -ŭi, -ĭtum: to come in sight, appear, become visible
subjunctive verb of purpose clause
tibi
tū, tuī, tibi, tē, tē pers. pron.: you
refers to the puerulus
pulcherima
pulcherrimus, -a, -um superl. adj.: most beautiful, fairest, handsomest
ablative, modifies forma
forma
forma, -ae, f.: form, figure, shape
ablative, object of in
qua
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
ablative, antecedent is forma
poterit
possum, posse, potui: to be able
subject is Garcionem
fecit
facio, -ere, fēci, factum: to make, do, cause, create
the subject is puerulus
sic
sīc adv.: thus, in this way
affirmauit
affirmo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to assert, declare
the subject is puerulus
puerulus
puerulus, -i, m.: little boy, little slave
Ecce
ecce adv. demonstr.: behold!
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
aspicio
aspĭcĭo, -ere, -spexi, -spectum: to behold, see
the subject is puerulus
valde
valdē, intens. adv.: strongly, intensely, very, exceedingly
modifies pulcrum
pulcrum
pulcher, -a, -um: beautiful, fine, handsome
modifies equum
equum
ĕquus, -i, m.: a horse
See Commentary note below line 21 pulcrum equum
postea
posteā adv.: after this or that, hereafter
vidit
vĭdĕo, -ēre, vīdi, vīsum: to see
the subject is puerulus
quendam
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
hominem
homo, -inis, m.: a human being, man
tali
talis, -e: such, of such a kind
ablative, modifies figura
figura
fĭgūra, -ae, f.: a form, shape, figure
ablative, object of in
quasi
quăsĭ adv.: as if, just as, as it were
fossorem
fossor, -ōris, m.: a digger, grave-digger, ditcher, miner
predictum
praedictus, -a, -um: previously named, aforementioned
ascendentem
ascendo, -ere, -di, -sum: to ascend, to mount, to climb up
modifies hominem
per
per prep.+acc.: through, by means of, by
scalam
scāla, -ae, f.: a ladder
carnes
caro, carnis, f.: meat, flesh
amputantem
amputo, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to cut away or off, prune
modifies hominem
cum
cum prep.+abl.: with
pariter
pariter adv.: equally, as well, together
consequente
consequor, -sequi, -secūtus sum: to follow, pursue
modifies equo
clericus
clērĭcus, -i m.: a clergyman, priest; clerk
refers to the nigromaticus
See Commentary note below line 24 clericus
inquisiuit
inquīro, -ere, -sīvi, -sītum: to ask, investigate
Quid
quis, quid interrog. pron.: who? what?
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
faciunt
facio, -ere, fēci, factum: to make, do, cause, create
subject is homo et equus
homo
homo, -inis, m.: a human being, man
respondit
respondeo, -ēre, -di, -sum: to answer, reply, respond
infans is the subject
infans
infans, -ntis, m.: infant, child
refers to the puerulus
Ecce
ecce adv. demonstr.: behold!
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
coquit
coquo, -ere, -xi, -ctum: to cook, prepare by cooking, heat
understand homo as subject
comedit
comedo, -ere, -ēdi, -ēsum : eat, eat entirely up, consume
understand homo as subject
carnes
caro, carnis, f.: meat
direct object of coquit and comedit
illas
ille, illa, illud pron. demonstr.: that; he, she, it
modifies carnes
vlterius
ulterius comp.adv.: farther, farther on, beyond
modifies inquisitus
inquisitus
inquīsītus, -a, -um: searched into or for; inquired
refers to clericus
Et
et conj.: and
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
quid
quis, quid interrog. pron.: who? what?
nunc
nunc adv.: now, at this time,
facit
facio, -ere, fēci, factum: to make, do
understand homo as subject
ait
āio, ăis, ait—aiunt (defective): to say, assert, affirm
subject is puerulus
puerulus
puerulus, -i, m.: little boy, little slave
Vadunt
vādo, -ere: to go, walk, esp., to rush, hurry
understand homo et equus as subject
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
pariter
pariter adv.: together
ecclesiam
ecclēsia, -ae, f.: church
fratrum
frāter, -tris, m.: brother, monk, friar, member of a religious order
exspectat
exspecto, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to wait, await
pre
prae prep.+abl.: before, in front of
foribus
foris, -is, f.: a door, gate, pl.: the two leaves of a door
object of pre
homo
homo, -inis, m.: a human being, man
intrat
intro, -āre, -āvi, -ātum: to go/walk into, enter
flexis
flecto, -ere, -xi, -xum: to bend
genibus
genu, -ūs, n.: the knee
flexis genibus- ablative absolute. He is kneeling, here.
loquitur
loquor, loqui, locūtus sum: to speak
quodam
quīdam, quaedam, quoddam pron. indef.: a certain, certain one
fratre
frāter, -tris, m.: brother, monk, friar, member of a religious order
qui
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
refers to the frater
ponit
pōno, -ere, posui, positum: to put, to place, to set down
manum
manus, -ūs, f.: hand
suam
sŭus, -a, -um possess. adj.: his, her, its, their own
refers to the frater
super
sŭper, prep.+acc.: over, above, on the top of, upon, on
caput
caput, -itis, n.: the head
eius
is, ĕa, id, pron. demonstr.: he, she, it; this or that
refers to the homo
Iterum
ĭtĕrum adv.: again, a second time, once more
clericus
clēricus, -i, m.: a clergyman, priest; clerk
refers to the nigromaticus?
inquisiuit
inquīro, -ere, -sīvi, -sītum: to examine, investigate, ask
takes ab + ablative; subject is the clericus
puerulo
puerulus, -i, m.: little boy, little slave
Quid
quis, quid interrog. pron.: who? what?
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
faciunt
facio, -ere, fēci, factus: to make, do, cause, create
understand homo et equus as subject
nunc
nunc adv.: now, at this time,
Cui
qui, quae, quod rel. pron.: who, which, what, that
refers to the clericus
respondit
respondeo, -ēre, -di, -sum: to answer, reply, respond
the subject is the puerulus
Ambo
ambo, -ae, -a: two of a pair, both
refers to homo et equus
capitalized to indicate direct quotation
simul
simul adv.: at the same time, together, at once
euanuerunt
ēvānesco, -ere, -nui: to vanish, disappear
Ambo is the subject
meis
meus, -a, -um possess. adj.: my, mine, belonging to me
amplius
amplĭus, comp.adv.: more, longer, further, besides
modifies video
non
nōn adv.: not, by no means, not at all
modifies video
video
vĭdĕo, -ēre, vīdi, vīsum: to see
the subject is the puerulus
eos
is, ĕa, id, pron. demonstr.: he, she, it; this or that
refers to homo et equus
nescio
nescio, -īre, -īvi, -ītum: not to know
the subject is the puerulus
sine
sine prep.+abl., adv.: without
dubio
dubius, -a, -um: doubtful, dubious, uncertain
sine dubio 'without doubt, doubtless, indisputably, certainly"
vbi
ubi adv.: where, in which place
sunt
sum, esse, fui, futurum: to be, exist
understand homo et equus as subject